Industry

Food & Agriculture

Decarbonization in Food & Agriculture hinges on sustainable inputs (fertilizers, feed, seed), precision agriculture (reduced fuel, optimized irrigation), methane and nitrous oxide management, cold-chain efficiency, and deforestation-free sourcing. Key challenges include data collection across dispersed farms, seasonal variability, supplier engagement for Scope 3, and emissions factor uncertainty (soil, manure, land-use).

Sustainable farming operations and cold-chain logistics

Key drivers & challenges

  • Optimize fertilizer application (4R) & switch to low-carbon ammonia/urea.
  • Precision irrigation & pumps; solar-diesel hybrid transitions.
  • Livestock enteric methane, manure management, and feed additives.
  • Cold-chain energy efficiency & refrigerant leakage control.
  • Deforestation-free sourcing & land-use change attribution.
Scope 1
  • On-farm fuel (tractors, pumps, dryers), process heat.
  • Enteric fermentation (CH₄), manure storage (CH₄/N₂O).
  • Refrigerant leaks in cold rooms, packhouses.
Scope 2
  • Purchased electricity for irrigation, processing, storage.
  • Cold-chain warehouses & retail refrigeration.
  • Market vs location-based factors; REC/green tariff.
Scope 3 — Upstream
  • Fertilizers, pesticides, seeds; animal feed.
  • Land-use change (LUC), embedded emissions in inputs.
  • Inbound logistics; supplier farming practices.
Scope 3 — Downstream
  • Distribution (ambient/chilled/frozen), retail energy.
  • Food loss & waste handling; packaging end-of-life.
  • Use-phase where applicable (HORECA prep energy).

Compliance & Frameworks

BRSR / SEBI

Automated mapping of energy, water, and emissions indicators across farm and processing sites with audit trails.

CSRD / ESRS E1–E5

Materiality assessment for AFOLU topics, Scope 3 Category 1/11, biodiversity and water disclosures, and narrative controls.

GHG Protocol AFOLU / FAO

Alignment with IPCC methodologies for N₂O/CH₄, soil organic carbon accounting, and LUC factor treatment.

Sample Dashboard — Agri Supply Chain

Emissions

tCO₂e (YTD)
0.36M
Scope 1
0.18M
Scope 2
1.92M
Scope 3
Progress to 2030 target (‑25%)

Intensity & Farm KPIs

kgCO₂e/kg output
2.84
▼ 4% YoY
Irrigation kWh/ha
715
▼ 7% YoY
N rate
122 kg/ha
CH₄ intensity
0.42 kg/kg milk
Cold loss
3.1%

Compliance Status

Audit‑ready
  • BRSR Mapping 100%
  • CSRD ESRS E1 88%
  • GHG Protocol AFOLU Aligned
Supplier data completeness

Energy & Water

Grid/Gen
61%
Renewables
23%
Water use (m³/t)
6.8
Recirc. rate
54%

Soil & Biodiversity

Soil organic C
+0.6 t/ha·yr
Cover crop area
31%
Buffer strips
18 km
Deforestation‑risk screened

Operational Alerts

  • Cold-room leak rate high Investigate
  • Manure lagoon CH₄ spike Action
  • Supplier fertilizer data overdue Reminder
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